「百家爭鳴」その後

Abstract

The New Deal: "Let flowers of many kinds blossom, let diverse schools of thought contend, " announced in Peking last May and usually called the policy of democratic freedom, was evidently influenced by the Soviet anti-Stalinist policy. But on the other hand it was an inevitable expedient imposed by China's own circumstances. In short the intention of this policy was to eliminate formalism in the fields of learning and literature by releasing them from the restrictions of the conventional political view. As soon as the New Deal was proclaimed, exposure and vigorous criticism of the previous deplorable trends in these fields became common. At the same time some creative essays and individualistic writings began to appear. In particular, in the field of literature, literary criticism was actively promoted by the encouragement of free competition. This led to searching inquiries into realism or socialistic realism, the analysis of literary reality, deliberation upon the characteristics of romanticism, and so forth.