建安年間後期の曹植の<贈答詩>について

Abstract

The late Jian'an era is a very important period in the history of the Chinese literature. During this period, many major poets gathered around Cao Pi (曹丕) and formed a literary group. This thesis will discuss Cao Zhi's four poems of the Zeng-da-shi (贈答詩) written in this period. Up until now, the poem "To Ding Yi and Wang Can (贈丁儀王粲)" is commonly regarded as a poem written to one's friends only. I consider this explanation to be too simple and inaccurate. As a matter of fact, this poem was supposed to be read at Cao Cao's (曹操) banquet congratulating his triumphal return. Therefore, its chief aim was to admire Cao Cao's military achievement. From the reception points of view, this poem was meant to be appreciated by Cao Cao and his followers. The poem "To Ding Yi"(贈丁翼) may well be said to have a similiar characteristic. However, the poet's motive was much more special since the poem displays so intimate an impression that it seems to have a function of assuring and strengthening the literary group's spiritual ties. The two poems mentioned above were supposed to be appreciated by groups of people at a time. If we look back at the earlier stages of Chinese poetry, poems were appreciated more or less the same way, and this mode of poetic appreciation had not yet greatly changed until the late Jian'an era. In this period, the practice of writing poems for a specific individual was sprouting. The two poems "To Ding Yi" (贈丁儀) and "To Xu Gan"(贈徐幹) belong to this new mode of writing practice. Owing to the relatively long history of the established literary group, it's members' poems, which was written to be recited before the public, was more common and literally mature. Through examining Cao Zhi's four poems mentioned above, this thesis tries to prove that in the late Jian'an era, there has an important change on the mode of poetic appreciation, and it tries to show how that change took place in the field of Chinese poetry.