「聖諭」宣講 : 敎化のためのことば

Abstract

Kangxi's 康熙帝 the Sacred Edict 聖諭, which was composed of sixteen maxims, is considered to follow the form and contents of the Liuyu 六諭 (six maxims) in the Ming 明 dynasty. Since the Sacred Edict was issued in 1670, on the first and fifteenth of each month, the people were given admonitory lectures on the Sacred Edict just as the Liuyu was lectured in the Ming. Yong-zheng 雍正帝 added a lot of common fables organinated in orthodox Confucianism to the Sacred Edict, and rewrote it in classical Chinese 文言, The new version of the Sacred Edict, which was named Shengyu Guangxun 聖諭廣訓 was issued in 1724. During the Qing 淸 dynasty, the court ordered all of local governors to lecture the people the Sacred Edict, and they contrived the effective ways to give lectures. One of their efforts was the local publication of several commentaries on the Sacred Edict in vernacular styles 白話. The commentary written by Wang Youpu 王又樸 in 1726 was well known and very significant. Wang's work was practically useful for lectures, because it paraphrased Shengyu Guangxun very well. In explaining about sixteen maxims, Wang employed a drama-play or storytelling style to make his commentary attractive. On the other hand, for lecturers and readers, the talk, dialogues, and conversations in Wang's colloquial style could be easily translated into different dialects. This function of mediating different dialects was similar to that guanhua 官話 as a vehicle language had in China and its surrounding areas.