田園と時間 : 陶淵明<歸去來兮辭>論

Abstract

Gui-qu-lai-xi Ci 歸去來兮辭 written by Tao Yuan-ming 陶淵明 is a famous work in Chinese literature. In this work, he declares a determination to return to "Tian-yuan 田園" and to live his life there. However we do not understand it still enough as one literary work. This article attempts to discuss Gui-qu-lai-xi Ci itself. For example, the word of Tian-yuan which is the stage of this work, has been avoided as use for poetry so far. The reason for this is that this word means agriculture. Also, there is Gui-tian Fu 歸田賦 by written Zhang Heng 張衡 which is often called the early work of Gui-qu-lai-xi Ci, but the stage of this work is not "Tian-yuan" and the time is different from Gui-qu-lai-xi Ci. This article points out features about Gui-qu-lai-xi Ci as a literary work. First, this work steps on the end rhyme, and changes it four times with various techniques. Therefore, that ensures the continuity of the structure without making paragraphs. Second, the preface of Gui-qu-lai-xi Ci has a role which gives reality. The preface contains a lot of proper nouns, and is described concretely compared with the body of it. The existance of the preface connects this work with the life of the poet, Tao Yuan-ming. Third, in this work, the nature of time changes irreversible into eternity. The change is deeply related with the appearance of two boats in the work. These features keep the balance and it is necessary that it does not lack one. Only this balance is presented in Gui-qu-lai-xi Ci as a new literature that exceeds already existing ones.