ヴェトナム國民黨と雲南--滇越鐵路と越境するナショナリズム

Abstract

The Yunnan-Haiphong Railway that ran between Kunming in Yunnan and Haiphong in Vietnam was completed in 1910. The railway was the major means of transport for the tin produced at Gejiu in Yunnan and played a vital role as an economic artery linking Yunnan and French Indochina. Landlocked Yunnan was closely linked to the maritime regions through the Yunnan-Haiphong Railway, which brought about an expansion in material, information and human exchange. At the same time, the opening of the railway was a turning point for the newly formed Vietnamese community of railway and related workers who resided in Yunnan. This community played a role in supporting the nationalists who had been forced to flee from Indochina. Particularly after the uprising in Yenbay, Vietnam was suppressed in 1930, many members of the Vietnamese National Party escaped to Yunnan and there they formed the First Yunnan Provincial Chapter of the Vietnamese Nationalist Party with the aim of independence for their homeland. In regard to the Vietnamese independence movement, the main focus of previous studies have centered around Ho Chi Minh and on the activities on Vietnamese in Siam and in Guangdong during the 1920s and 1930s, and Yunnan has not received sufficient scholarly attention. Through an analysis of the documents of the Surete of the French Indochinese government, I have made clear the fact that the Vietnamese Nationalist Party that was active in advancing the independence movement in Yunnan played an important role in the independence movement of the Vietnamese in China in the 1930s and that the members were part of the new generation of Vietnamese intellectuals who had received their education under the Quoc-Ngu system and not the traditional Confucian one.