excluding の用法の歴史的変化 : 文法化の観点から

Abstract

This paper examines the historical development of the deverbal preposition excluding, by analyzing the descriptive data from Oxford English Dictionary (OED). This paper offers a descriptive explanation regarding the categorical changes from the verb exclude into the deverbal preposition excluding in terms of grammaticalization. With reference to Akimoto (2002), this paper adopts the method of using OED as a source of language data. It provides a detailed observation of the process of grammaticalization from the middle 16th century to the current English: semantic bleaching, the changes between grammatical categories and so on. This paper tries to place deverbal prepositions in relation to the major properties of present participles. This analysis demonstrates as follows: (i) the frequency of the use of relative pronominal excluding has gradually developed from the 19th century and it dramatically increased in the 20th century; (ii) deverbal preposition excluding does not show the property of the adjective, like comparison and the property of determiners (which does not precede both nouns and any adjectives); (iii) grammaticalized excluding does not co-occur with adverbs like totally or deliberately; (iv) after the 20th century, excluding became free of subject-control and obtain the property of prepositions.