国有林丸太流通市場の競争構造

Abstract

Analyses are made corroboratively in the change of distribution system of national forest timber in the 1980's. First is the marketing behabior analysis from the viewpoint of internal organization of national forest. Serond is the analysis of inter-buyers competition in competitive timber market of national forest. The former theoretically depends on Economics of Internal Organization and the latter on Industrial Organization Theory. In 1985, cutting volume in national forest was 12, 311, 227㎥, 7, 790, 891㎥ of which was softwood and 4, 520, 336㎥ of which was hardwood. In coniferous timbers, Japanese ceadar and Japanese cypress came 3, 806, 781㎥. 30% of our domestic timber production is national forest timber, and so is 21% of cedar and 36% of cypress. We have 326 district forest offices, and the offices which sell much become lumber producing centers, where exist saw mills that regularly purchase the timbers offered in national forest timber sales. The sales types are stumpage sales and round log sales, and selling methods are open bid sales and negotiated sales. Most of the timbers are produced under government management and are sold through open bid sales today. Choice behabiors in internal organization are as follows : 1. Behahiors about distribution system formation (1) choice of sales types (stumpage or round log) : (2) choice of sales yards : (3) choice of sales methods : (4) apprasal of log price 2. momentum of products production (1) decision of final cutting age : (2) introduction of silvicultural technology : (3) decision of cutting volume : (4) selection of cutting stands (5) standard of bucking : (6) standard of sales lots classified by grading and sorting the logs Now the most significant marketing behabiors are the appraisal of the last two standards, which decide the chararteristic of products. but the behabiors are judged as deficient in view of the marketing mix. As to structural determinant of inter-buyers competition, the competitive dimensions are measured at every groupes of a set of kindred sales lots, for which the buyers compete each other. The dimensions of competitive structure are : (1) The degree of buyer concentration : (2) the degree of regional concentration : (3) entry and exit : (4) selection of sales lots : (5) bidding several things are evident from these analyses : 1. Changing standard of the sales lot classification in the 1980's. 2. Dominant buyers and substantial competitive fringe of relatively small buyers in each group. 3. Bidding competition is intense in the inter-dominants and others.