<論文>男子のジェンダー実践の共同性と文脈性 : 学童クラブの男子の遊び活動に関する相互行為の分析

Abstract

This article explores collective and contextual characteristics of masculine practice of elementary schoolboys in their play activity and conversation. In Japan, most of gender studies about children are the studies of gender "socialization", which investigate processes of children's social learning and embodiment of gendered norms and behaviors. However, as William Corsaro and others have pointed out, this socialization theory is inherently forward-looking and indiviualistic. The theory focus on the effects of various interpersonal and institutional experienractice of individual children. There is little consideration given to how children share, negociate and create ineterpersonal relations and social practice collectively and contexually. Like the recent studies in Australia, England and other countries, this study tdeels with children's peer group and tries to investigate young boy's collective constructions of masculinities as on-going and contextual social practices. The data is based on participant observation of the boys and girls (ages six to nine) in a child care center in Kyoto city for more than six months in 2002. Some boys in a dominant position repeat aggressive terms among themselves and make them their value and style. They often emphasize hierarchical arrangements among the boys. Many boys collectively tease and denounce skills of low status boy in games, making competence and strongness their praimary value. On the other hand, we can observe some boys in some cases oppose these aggresive behavior and others follow more considerate practice in some play activities. Indeed we can say that boys change their style socially and contextually.