意図基盤意味論に基づく話者意味の分析はなぜ誤っているのか

Abstract

What is it for one to mean something by her behavior? Some philosophers have attempted to give the necessary and sufficient conditions of one’s meaning something by her behavior, or of “speaker meaning.” Intention-based Semantics (IBS), initiated by the philosopher Paul Grice, is so far the most and virtually only influential analysis of speaker meaning, according to which speaker meaning is reduced into speaker’s intention. The purpose of the current paper is to assess the plausibility of IBS. Relying on counterexamples, the current paper shows that IBS does not give necessary nor sufficient conditions of speaker meaning. The problem of IBS is that it focuses solely on speaker’s intention behind her behavior and ignores speaker’s behavior itself, while speaker meaning should be explained in terms of the latter.