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タイトル: | A new Approach to El Niño Prediction beyond the Spring Season. |
著者: | Masuda, Shuhei Matthews, John Philip Ishikawa, Yoichi Mochizuki, Takashi Tanaka, Yuusuke Awaji, Toshiyuki |
発行日: | 25-Nov-2015 |
出版者: | Nature Publishing Group |
誌名: | Scientific reports |
巻: | 5 |
論文番号: | 16782 |
抄録: | The enormous societal importance of accurate El Niño forecasts has long been recognized. Nonetheless, our predictive capabilities were once more shown to be inadequate in 2014 when an El Nino event was widely predicted by international climate centers but failed to materialize. This result highlighted the problem of the opaque spring persistence barrier, which severely restricts longer-term, accurate forecasting beyond boreal spring. Here we show that the role played by tropical seasonality in the evolution of the El Niño is changing on pentadal (five-year) to decadal timescales and thus that El Niño predictions beyond boreal spring will inevitably be uncertain if this change is neglected. To address this problem, our new coupled climate simulation incorporates these long-term influences directly and generates accurate hindcasts for the 7 major historical El Niños. The error value between predicted and observed sea surface temperature (SST) in a specific tropical region (5°N-5°S and 170°-120°W) can consequently be reduced by 0.6 Kelvin for one-year predictions. This correction is substantial since an "El Niño" is confirmed when the SST anomaly becomes greater than +0.5 Kelvin. Our 2014 forecast is in line with the observed development of the tropical climate. |
記述: | エルニーニョ予測の新展開 -春先からの予測精度向上に新たな可能性-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2015-12-01. |
著作権等: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202935 |
DOI(出版社版): | 10.1038/srep16782 |
PubMed ID: | 26603092 |
関連リンク: | https://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ja/research-news/2015-12-01 |
出現コレクション: | 学術雑誌掲載論文等 |
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