六朝建康東宮攷

Abstract

The study of capitals during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties period, and especially studies of imperial palace compounds such those at Luoyang from the Later Han to the Northern Wei, Ye of the Cao Wei kingdom, and Jiankang of the Six Dynasties have drawn academic attention in recent years with discussion of the forms and structures of the palaces, ideological characteristics etc. But, how the crown prince, who in fact supported imperial rule and functioned as an aide to the emperor at that time, influenced the formation of the imperial palace has not been sufficiently examined. This issue is concentrated in the problem of the relationship between the formation, arrangement, and form of the so-called Donggonng, generally recognized as residence of the crown prince, and the historical development of the imperial palace compound. On the basis of the current state of research in the field, the author examines the Donggong in this paper, seeing it as a building that has drawn little attention. He concentrates on the Donggong of Jiankang of the Six Dynasties, and concretely examines the process of its establishment and location in the capital, especially in terms of its geographic relation to the imperial palace, he then considers changes over time and its structure and concludes the following. In the first section, the author considers the location of the Donggong in Luoyang of the Western Jin and the process of change of the Donggong in Jiankang of the Six Dynasties. He concludes that the idea that Donggong should be located to the east of the imperial palace was formed in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties period at the latest. He also states that although this influenced the selection of the actual location of the Donggong and that in Luoyang of the Western Jin the Donggong was first located to the east of the imperial palace, but this precedent was not necessarily followed in Jiankang of the Eastern Jin, and it was only in the Yuanjia era of the Liu Song dynasty that it became fixed and was then followed by later Southern Dynasties. In the second section, he examines the structure of the Donggong in Jiankang of the Six Dynasties and elucidates the prominent development of the Donggong as an administrative organization in the Southern Dynasties in response to the political rise of the crown prince. In the third section, he examines the Donggong policy of Emperor Xiaowu of the Eastern Jin, which is thought to have been a turning point in the rise of the crown prince, and argues the policy can be understood as the initial stage of the political system of the Southern Dynasties in which the coexistence of the emperor and crown prince was the axis of rule of imperial family. In short, the location of the Donggong as well as the existence of the crown prince reflect the political importance and the historical characteristics of the crown prince, and aspects of this influence can be recognized thereafter in Changan and Luoyang of the Tang.