<研究ノート>ザンビア北西部における移入者のキャッサバ栽培と食料確保

Abstract

This paper examines self-su ciency, in terms of food, of a multi-ethnic agrarian community from the perspective of newly-arrived immigrants in northwestern Zambia. The traditional staple foods in the area are indigenous Kaonde grains, such as sorghum and maize, whereas the Lunda, Luvale, Luchazi and Chokwe immigrants continue to cultivate cassava. Both groups open slash-and-burn fields and maintain a self-su cient life in the miombo woodland. However, the yields of these grains are vulnerable to changes in rainfall. In addition, unstable subsidy policies and chemical fertilizer supplies from the Zambian government significantly a ect maize yields. The Kaonde experience severe hunger during the o -season of their grain stores, whereas the immigrants harvest cassava tubers throughout the year because the tubers store well under the ground. Based on a meal survey, Kaonde households consumed cassava during the o -season. They obtained dried cassava tubers from immigrant households, which they purchased or exchanged for side dishes or labor. This study shows that the indigenous Kaonde people are able to interact with the immigrants in their everyday lives through the exchange of food, especially cassava tubers, and that mutually supportive relationships are being built through the bartering of food and labor.