ボルネオ内陸部の交易拠点としてのロングハウス : 19世紀末のサラワクにおける河川交易からの考察

Abstract

Since the Age of Commerce, the importance of forest products from Borneo, an archipelago in Southeast Asia, has been well known. The development of Sarawak and North Borneo, independent of Labuan, was a slow process. By the early 1880s, Sarawak was outstripping its Bornean neighbors in the volume of jungle products. Many studies in the human and social sciences have examined jungle and forest products, and historians and anthropologists, in particular, have focused on this area. However, the impact of riverine trade in forest products on the hinterlands that produced the primary commodities is not clear. This paper focuses on Long Terawan, a longhouse community in the Middle Tutoh River―in northern Sarawak―which was one of the biggest indigenous riverine trade hubs of inland Borneo in the late nineteenth century. It takes an anthropological approach to explore the riverine trade in forest products that played an important role in the formation of a trade-hub longhouse and built a wide network centered on the longhouse. The analysis was conducted with the help of door-to-door interviews with villagers about lineage, migration history, myth, and subsistence, and a collection of historical data sourced mainly from the Sarawak Gazette in the research area.