A Role of Environmental Shear on the Organization Mode of Quasi-Stationary Convective Clusters during the Warm Season in Japan

Abstract

A role of environmental shear on the organization mode of warm-season quasi-stationary convective clusters (QSCCs) was statistically investigated by using operational weather radar and radiosonde data from May to October during 2005-2012. With the use of an ellipse-fitting method, the total number of QSCCs whose shape was determined was 2549. It was found that 87% of the QSCCs have an aspect ratio of larger than 1.4, suggesting that the elongated mode is dominant during the warm season in Japan. The elongated QSCCs were mostly oriented southwest–northeast. The analyses of the environmental shear direction with respect to the orientation of the elongated QSCCs showed that the wind shear direction at the lower troposphere is mainly parallel to the orientation of the elongated QSCCs. A comparison between the elongated and the circular QSCCs with the environmental parameters showed that the lower convective instability and stronger intensity of the low-level shear clearly characterize the elongated QSCC environments. A parameter combining convective instability and shear, bulk Richardson number, characterizes the environmental conditions for determining the organization mode of the QSCCs, suggesting that a back-building mechanism should play a role in generating the elongated QSCCs.