[研究ノート]文部省による唱歌認可制度と校歌をめぐる学校側の対応

Abstract

本稿では, 文部省による唱歌認可制度に対して, 学校側が校歌をめぐっていかなる対応をしたのかを明らかにした, 1891(明治24)年以来, 文部省は小学校で歌う唱歌に対して, 認可制度を設けた.この制度では, 「唱歌」の授業で歌う唱歌を取り締まることに主眼が置かれている.しかしながら学校は, 「唱歌」の授業で歌われる唱歌だけでなく, 式典, 儀式の際に歌うことを想定してつくられた校歌に対しても文部省の認可を求めた.学校は文部省による統制を逆手にとることで.自校の特色や理念を盛り込んだ校歌を, 学校内で歌える正式な唱歌として, 手に入れたのである.

The purpose of this paper is to clarify how the schools in Japan complied with the authorization system of songs by the Ministry of Education in case of their school songs. Since 1894 onward, the Ministry of Education established the system of authorization for the songs sung inside the elementary school. The main purpose of this system was the crackdown on singing the Japanese traditional folk songs in the class, for example, Tokiwazu and Kiyomoto. However, the schools requested the authorization not only for the songs to be sung in the class but also for their original school songs composed for the school ceremonies. By using that control system by The Ministry of Education, on the contrary, the schools have got the school songs, each of which shows the distinguishing characteristic and idea of the school, as the formal song to be sung inside the school.