戦後の<農業本位の思想>にみる主要要素とその相互関係

Abstract

NOHON-SHUGI ("Agriculture-is-the-Base-Ism"), which was popular before World War II, was an outstanding idea because it subsumed wide-ranging agrarian thoughts. When compared with this period, one characteristic of thoughts after World War II is that no prominent idea can represent the many thoughts of the agrarian counter movement. This paper aims to clarify the constellation of thoughts of "Agriculture-is-the-Base-Ism (ABI)" in Japan after World War II and understand social problems and how to solve them. In this research, six ideas relating to ABI are examined: 1) New NOHON-SHUGI, 2) Organic Farming, 3) "Subsistence, " 4) "Peasant, " 5) Agrarian Commune, and 6) Ecological Agriculture. New NOHON-SHUGI aimed to reconstruct old NOHONSHUGI and revive agriculture/rural areas, but is still far from successful because of abstractness on contention. In contrast, the other ideas tend to depend on concrete methods and reality, and therefore have been accepted by the rural society and many farmers. Sharing same ideas within thinkers is another feature in this period. For example, Organic Farming and "Subsistence" are inclined to combine with each other. Yutaka UNE, a farmer and writer, identified a farming method based on Ecological Agriculture. Recently, he focused his attention on New NOHON-SHUGI and tried to explain this idea clearly. This indicates that ABI is being taken to a new level in Japan.