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Title: Human-specific features of spatial gene expression and regulation in eight brain regions
Authors: Xu, Chuan
Li, Qian
Efimova, Olga
He, Liu
Tatsumoto, Shoji
Stepanova, Vita
Oishi, Takao  kyouindb  KAKEN_id  orcid https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1067-3746 (unconfirmed)
Udono, Toshifumi
Yamaguchi, Katsushi
Shigenobu, Shuji
Kakita, Akiyoshi
Nawa, Hiroyuki
Khaitovich, Philipp
Go, Yasuhiro
Author's alias: 辰本, 将司
大石, 高生
鵜殿, 俊史
山口, 勝司
重信, 秀治
柿田, 明美
那波, 宏之
郷, 康広
Issue Date: 13-Jun-2018
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Journal title: Genome Research
Volume: 28
Issue: 8
Start page: 1097
End page: 1110
Abstract: Molecular maps of the human brain alone do not inform us of the features unique to humans. Yet, the identification of these features is important for understanding both the evolution and nature of human cognition. Here, we approached this question by analyzing gene expression and H3K27ac chromatin modification data collected in eight brain regions of humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, a gibbon, and macaques. An analysis of spatial transcriptome trajectories across eight brain regions in four primate species revealed 1851 genes showing human-specific transcriptome differences in one or multiple brain regions, in contrast to 240 chimpanzee-specific differences. More than half of these human-specific differences represented elevated expression of genes enriched in neuronal and astrocytic markers in the human hippocampus, whereas the rest were enriched in microglial markers and displayed human-specific expression in several frontal cortical regions and the cerebellum. An analysis of the predicted regulatory interactions driving these differences revealed the role of transcription factors in species-specific transcriptome changes, and epigenetic modifications were linked to spatial expression differences conserved across species.
Description: ヒトとチンパンジーの脳の違いを発見 --霊長類脳の遺伝子発現変動とエピジェネティック変動の網羅的解析--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2018-08-03.
Rights: ©2018 Xu et al. This article, published in Genome Research, is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2433/233188
DOI(Published Version): 10.1101/gr.231357.117
PubMed ID: 29898898
Related Link: https://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ja/research-news/2018-08-03
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