<論説>物部氏に関する基礎的考察 : 物部氏の成立・展開過程の一試論として

Abstract

律令支配体制の構造的把握とともに、律令国家権力の本質の究明を律令前の収奪体系・権力構造の考察とその律令制への移行の問題からおこなう。本稿はその仕事の一環として伴造系氏族の問題をとりあげ、大連物部氏に関する基礎的考察を試みるものである。六世紀後半没落した物部氏が再たび律令支配層の中軸になる事情を、律令制成立史上画期的な対氏族政策である天武「八姓」賜姓問題の検討をふまえて、壬申の乱後天皇ディスポティズム確立を意図してつくられた律令制的祭祀形態成立との関係で考察する。また没落後の物部氏が警察的実務を担う下級氏族であった点に注目し物部氏復活の要因たる物部氏と石上神宮との独占的関係が壬申の乱後に成立したと述べる。以上の点を前提として物部氏に関する記紀伝承系譜分布等の史料を検討し既往の学説の承認しがたいことを指摘し、物部氏の成立展開過程に関する試論をこころみるものである。

The nature of the power of the Ritsuryo 律令 state, with systematic grasp of the Ritsuryo controlling system, is to be examined through the consideration of the exploiting system and the power structure before Ritsuryo and the problem of its transition to Ritsuryo : this article, as a part of this examination, tries a basic consideration about the Omuraji Monobe 大連物部 Clan, by treating the problem of Tomonomiyatsuko 伴造 race. The circumstances the Mononobe 物部 Clan, ruined in the latter half of the 6th century, came to be the powerful part of the Ritsuryo governing classes shall be considered through examining its relation with the formation of the religious service like that of Ritsuryo system which was created in order to establish the emperor's despotism after the rebellion of Jinshin 壬申, through the study of the problem of Temmu 'Hassei' Shisei 天武｢八姓｣賜姓 the epoch-making racial policy in the history of the formation of the Ritsuryo system : and also, taking notice of the fact that the ruined Mononobe Clan was the lower clan charged with a police business, this article explains the monopolistic relation of the Mononobe Clan with the Isonokami 石上 Shinto Shrine, as a factor of the revival of the Mononobe, was establish after the rebellion of Jinshin. On the above-mentioned assumption, this article tries to make an essay on the forming and developing process of the Mononobe Clan, by pointing the fact that the former theories cannot be authorized, considering vatious resources of record, folklore, genealogy and distribution about the Mononobe Clan.