<論説>西周時代玉人像の衣服と頭飾

Abstract

卷頭圖版一－五、圖１－５にかかげたやうな、西周時代の軟玉製の人間像が知られてゐる。これらの像に表はされた衣服は、春秋時代以後の人像の類にはみられない特色をもつてゐる。眞四角なゑり、幅の廣い直線的な緣どりをつけ、コ字形の切込みのあるすそなどである。第一章ではこれらの衣服は「禮」の古典に喪服、深衣のものとして記述がのこる衣服の原形であることを證する。これらの衣服の制については漢時代にはやく不完全な注釋しかできなくなつてたものである。第二章では玉人像が膝に垂れる斧形のものは「市」の古い形であることを示す。西周時代の青銅器銘文にのこるこの市の色、材質に關する語彙は附論にくはしい考證がある。第三章では圖１、２、４の玉人像が頭につける角のやうなものは「禮」に子が親に孝養をつくす時に着用するといわれる髦であることを明かにし、孝子がこれを着用することの原義について考察する。

We know there remain the statues of man made of nephrite in the Western Chou period as illustrated in the picture No. 1 to No. 5 on the first page of this number and in the figure No. 1 to No. 5. The costumes on these statues have some characteristics which we cannot find in the statues after the Spring and Autumn period 春秋時代; that is, for example, a square collar, a hem edged widely and straightly and cut into squarely. In the first chapter, I would like to show these costumes were the original forms of the mourning dress 喪服 and Shen-i 深衣 described in li chi 礼記. Thereafter, in the early Han 漢 period, only incomplete comments could be made on the rule of these costumes. In the second chapter, I would like to show an ax-formed thing hanging over the statue's knee was the old form of fu 市. Later, in the complementary article I will investigate minutely the words about the color and the material of fu which remain on the bronze tablets of the Western Chou period. In the third chapter, I would like to show the thing like a horn on the statue's head as illustrated in the figure No. 1, No. 2 and No. 4 was Mao 髦 that, li chi says, a son wore when he discharged his duties to his parents, and further investigate the original meaning of the filial son's wearing such a thing.