<論説>ヘレニズム時代の都市と土着住民 : 初期セレウコス朝の都市建設・植民を対象として

Abstract

初期セレウコス朝が展開した都市および軍事植民地の建設活動は、ギリシア・マケドニア人の東方進出を、もっとも具体的な形で示したものであった。本稿は、これらの都市・軍事植民地の多くが、なんらかの形で既存の住地を利用したとみられる点に着目し、異なる民族の共存のあり方を、個々の事例にそくして検討する。その結果、各地において事情はさまざまであり、ギリシア・マケドニア人たちは、地域の特殊性に留意しつつ、異民族への対処のしかたを模索せざるをえなかったこと、協力関係の成立をみることはあっても、融和と安定は容易に実現されがたかったことが指摘される。

The early kings of the Seleucids knew the weakness of their position as rulers over their vast and strange territory. Their empire was a framework which covered a multitude of peoples and cultures, and it was necessary to give the framework substance and strength. To this end, they set to work to fill most of western Asia with Greek cities and settlements. Usually, though by no means always, these cities and settlements were located at or beside native villages and cities, and must have contained many non-Greeks within their walls, though the local natives lived largely in suburbs outside. How were the non-Greeks within the wall organized and administrated? We cannot throw much light on this question. Circumstances were different in each case and we have too little information. In many cities, however, it seems that non-Greeks were assigned their districts and distinguished from Greeks. It cannot be assumed, as often supposed, that there was widespread harmony between Greeks and non-Greeks.