<論説>漢代長沙王国年表

Abstract

前漢時代の呉氏の長沙王国は当時において極めて特殊な存在であった。漢の高祖は項羽を破って天下を統一すると、異姓の諸功臣に広大な領土を与えて王に封じたが、忽ちそれらを取潰して代りに一族を封じて王とした。その中にあって独り長沙王に封ぜられた呉芮は、在位一年に満たずして死んだ後、子から孫へと伝え、曾孫の靖王が子なくして家絶えるまで四十余年間継続した。しかもその間、側近者の列侯に取立てられる者、柱国一人、相二人、将一人、王の庶子二人、計六人に及んでいる。最近発掘された長沙漢墓の副葬品に名の見える軑侯はその一人である。呉氏の長沙王が断絶するとその翌々年、景帝の子、発が封ぜられて長沙王となり、前漢末まで続いた。本稿は別に独特な主張をもつわけではないので、以上の事実を整理して二つの表に纒め、その説明として前文及び注を添加した。

The Wu's 呉 Ch'ang Sha 長沙 kingdom in the former Han 前漢 period was very particular one in the contemporary days. Kao-tsu 高祖 of the Han 漢, after defeating Hsīang-yü 項羽 and unifying the whole country, gave the enormous fiefs to several lords of different families who had contributed to his success, and appointed them to kings. But, immediately, he seized their fiefs back and substituted his family for them. Among them, Wu-jui 呉芮 who had been appointed to the king of Ch'ang-Sha 長沙 died in the very first year of his reign. But his kingship alone was succeeded from his son to his grandson, to King Ching 請, his great-grand son, who had no son and with whose death Wu's 呉 kingdom perished. Moreover, in the interval, among the close vassals of this kingdom, a grand vizier, two ministers, a general and two bastard princes were promoted to feudal lords. Tai-hou 軑侯, whose name is found in the buried treasurers in the Ch'ang-Sha 長沙 Tomb in the Han 漢 period which was dug lately, was one of them. The next year of the ruin of the Wu's 呉 Ch'ang-sha 長沙 kingdom, Fa 發, son of Ching-ti 景帝 was appointed to the king of Ch'ang-Sha 長沙 and his kingship was succeeded to the end of the former Han 前漢. In this article, apart from presenting certain particular insistences, I would like to arrange the above facts into two tables with preliminaries and notes for the explanation.