<論説>後半期の須恵器 : 平安京・京都出土品にみる中世的様相の形成

Abstract

平安京・京都から出土する九～一四世紀の須恵器は当初は多様な器種から成っていたが、九世紀中頃～末を境とし一〇世紀以後は限られた器種に用いるようになる。このことは須恵器の単なる衰退を示すのではなく、各種の土器・陶磁器の特性を生かし、用途に応じて使いわけた畿内の中世的土器様式が成立していく一つの現われとみなすことができる。そしてその過程には、生産地での多様な製品のうち特定の器種が広く流通する段階から、生産地において広域流通用の器種を集中的に生産する段階に移るという重要な展開を含んでいる。またこの時期は畿内が窯業生産の中心地としてより、瀬戸内・東海地方の窯業製品の消費地としての役割を高めた時代であった。そしてそれは窯業における生産・流通・消費の体制が大きく変わるとともに、中世後期・近世の 発展を基礎づける時代でもあった。

As for the Sue pottery excavated in Capital Heian (Medieval Kyoto city), which were dated the 9th-14th century, the earlier ones had various forms. But after the middle or the end of the 9th century, only the definite forms of Sue pottery were used. This change doesn't mean the decline of them, but one of phenomena that the medieval pottery style came into existance in the Five Home Provinces 畿内. At the time, the several kinds of pottery and ceramics were used each in its proper way. In that process there is the important change. On the first phase, among the various forms of them made in the producing centers the definite forms of potteries circulated. Then, on the second phase, the forms for marketing were produced on large scale in the producing centers. In this period the Five Home Provinces developed much more as a consumer area of the ceramic goods produced in Setouchi 瀬戸内, Tokai 東海 provinces than as a producing center of the ceramic industry. It is also in this period that the system of the production-circulation-con-sumption of the ceramics changed on large scale and that the development of its system after the late medieval ages was based.