<研究ノート>六波羅探題任免小考 : 『六波羅守護次第』の紹介とあわせて

Abstract

This study introduces a printed text of the Rokuhara-shugo shidai 六波羅守護次第, (Register of the Rokuhara Shugo), heretofore unknown in its entirety, and addresses new issues concerning the government officers known as Kitadono 北殿 and Minamidono 南殿, and the executive posts of Shikken 執権, Rensho 連署, Kitakata 北方 and Minamikata 南方 at Rokuhara on the basis of a confirmation of the terms in office of successive Rokuhara Tandai 六波羅探題. There are various kinds of historical records noting the appointments and dismissals of Rokuhara Tandai, but many of those texts are contradictory. The Roleuhara-shugo shidai has been quoted by researchers concerned with the Kamakura Bakufu 鎌倉幕府 and/or the Rokuhara Tandai, but all researchers have quoted it in part. There was never a serious consideration of the character of the text, and many problems of the interpretation of the text remain. It is often thought that two members of the Hojo clan 北条氏 were simultaneously named Tandai, (Kitakata and Minamilkata) following the Jokyu War of the third year of the Jokyu era (1221). The system of dual Rokuhara Tandai, a Kitakata and a Minamikata in office at the same time was not established until Kenji 3 (1277). Thereafter, the system in which the Kitakata and the Minamikata served in the offices of Shikken and Rensho respectively was established at Rokuhara. One of the privileges of the Shikken was to supervise the hyojo 評定, executive councils, in his residence at Rokuhara. With the reconstruction of the Minamidono in Einin 5 (1297), the path for the Minamikata to become Shikken at Rokuhara was inaugurated. The Kitakata and the Minamikata thereby became parallel posts, and it became possible for more members of the Hojo clan to be named Tandai. The members of the Hojo clan, were not anxious however to accept the post of Rokuhara Tandai. The reasons for this included the fact that negotiations with the courtiers and temples in the western part of Japan were among the post's arduous duties, the status of the Rokuhara Tandai within Kamakura Bakufu was Rot particularly high, and given the ceaseless infighting between the Hojo and other warriors in Kamakura, an extended stay away from Kamakura often resulted in accusations of treason.