<研究ノート>雲叔玄龍 : 豊臣秀頼に仕えた薩南学派の僧

Abstract

This study elucidates the achievements of the little-known monk Unshuku Genryū. Unshuku belonged to the Satsunan school, a branch of the Neo-Confucianist thought of Zhu Xi that was founded by Keian Genju and that flourished in southern Kyushu in the late middle ages. The famous Bunshi Genshō was Unshuku's contemporary and a member of the same school. The two maintained close relations with one another. Unshuku was born circa 1545. The entry in the Uwai Satokane nikki for the fifth day of the second month of 1583 is the first mention of Unshuku in a written source. At that time he participated in a Chinese poetry gathering at Hokedakeji, a temple in Hyūga province. His reception of a Ming ship in Uchinoura bay in Ōsumi, where he communicated by means of an exchange of notes written in Chinese, is well known. He was capable of conducting diplomatic negotiations with foreigners, as were other monks of the Satsunan school. He also served as the abbot of Shōkōji, a temple in Ōsumi, which he strove to revive, donating Buddhist scripture and statues. Bound within in the Tōinshū, a collection of Keian Genju's poetry in Chinese that is found at the Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo, are writings by Unshuku by which his stylized cipher and signature can be confirmed. Unshuku moved to Osaka around 1602-1603. There he served Toyotomi Hideyori, the late Hideyoshi's son and heir. Unshuku composed the inscription for the bell of Hōanji, which had been revived by Hideyori in 1606. He was favored by Hideyori and given a temple as his residence. He also developed relationships with Hideyori's close advisors. For example, Unshuku's words were inscribed in a wooden statue of Nagata Rinsai found in Hiraji temple in Uda. After Hideyori was vanquished in the Summer Siege of Osaka Castle in 1615, a portion of Unshuku's possessions was transferred to Kanshinji temple in Kawachi. Furthermore, a number of the books that Tokugawa Ieyasu had examined at Nijō Castle were from the former collection of Unshuku. A catalogue of the collection is found in the diary of Ishin Suden. There were 443 volumes, most of which were in Chinese and many concerned Zhu Xi's thought. As the titles in the catalogue appear to be incomplete, it is likely that the original collection contained many more books. Although I was unable to fully clarify how the original collection was assembled, one can see what sorts of books a monk of the Satsunan school would have possessed, and it is also possible to approach an understanding of the type of scholarship that attracted Toyotomi Hideyori.