<論文>イタリアの移民映画をめぐって --表象される移民と逆照射されるイタリア社会

Abstract

This paper considers what authors are representing in immigration films in Italy through examining 450 films (including fictional movies and documentaries) since 1990. It is the year when the first immigration law (Martelli’s Law) had been enforced. Pummarò, the first film directed by Michele Placido in 1990, represents the life of the young man from Ghana who entered Italy illegally. Placido intends to reveal the Italian social problems through the poor labor situation of the immigrants. The growing number of immigrants has also motivated more film-makers to address the questions. Besides well-known authors, such as Giuseppe Tornatore and Bernardo Bertolucci, many new directors have been encouraged to debut. More films have been shifting their view on the immigrants purely as the cheap labors to as a part of unwanted Italian social members. Though the themes vary from one film to another, the directors aim to represent the contemporary Italy. Therefore, they depict the Italian social problems such as population decline, aging society, second and third-generation rights. This paper views how the directors declare the problems in their films.