クワインの自然主義

Abstract

In "Five Milestones of Empiricism", Quine claims that his naturalism has two source, holism and unregenerate realism. Therefore, there are two arguments, each of which leads to Quine's naturalistic position. I think that they are each characterized by two themes implied by the metaphor of 'Neurath's boat, 'the mutual dependence of knowledge' and 'the historical inevitability of knowledge', and are based on Quine's two fundamental philosophical claims, physicalism and behaviorism. These arguments seem to suggest that Quine's naturalism is ambiguous, but I try to show they are consistent by drawing a clear distinction between 'underdetermination of theory' and 'indeterminacy of translation', which is a special case of the difference between physicalism and behaviorism. Finally I criticize Quine recently seems to abandon his own consistent distinction, and that conflicts with 'methodological monism', which is the basic these of Quine's naturalism.