<論説>近世銀山の領有機構 : 院内銀山の研究 (1)

Abstract

日本鉱業史の研究は現在最も未開拓の分野の一であるが、特に一六、七世紀貴金属生産の劃期的増加は近世経済史の発展を規制するものであり直接世界史的規模にもつながる問題でもある。院内銀山をとりあげて銀生産の実情とともに論ずる領有経営或は生産樣式等の諸問題は鉱業史發展の一般的段階の場にこれを捉えねばならず、つねに諸鉱山のそれに比考しなければならぬ。しかもわが鉱業勃興期に当り院内程史科に恵まれたものは比類少く、この重要鉱山の具体性を適確に捉えることは右の諸問題解明への基礎的道程でありまた現在の研究段階において辿るべき方法でもある。本論は「銀山領有の機構」「生産の形態と組織」「銀生産の動向」「銀山町の構成」の四章からなり本号では右の第一章を扱い領主の鉱山支配組織と領有の目的たる鉱山收入を明かにした。勿論こゝに述べた形態を以て日本鉱山一般を律し得ないが、なお最も普遍的な一類型ではあつた。

The history of mining in Japan is a field hitherto little explored. The history of mining, especially the increase in the production of precious metals in the xvl-xvll centuries in Japan, is an important historical problem, because it is an important historical problem, because it is closely connected with the econonomic development of this country in modern times and, in this sense, with world history. When we take up the problem of silver production at the lnnai mine we have to make investigation into the system of ownership dy the feudal lord, the mode of production, etc., in the light of the stages of development of mining in Japan. This naturally leads to the comparison of the comparison of the lnnai silver mine with other mines. In view of the fact that there are only few mines whose historical records are better preserved than the lnnai mine, a close investigation of its history seems to constitute the prerequisite to understanding the development of mining in Japan. The present article consists of four chapters : I. The Mechanism of Ownership; II. The Form and System of Production; III. Trends in Silver Production; IV The Structure of the Mining Town. In the present number appears Chapter I, which deals with the administrative system of the Mine under the feudal lord and his incomes arising from the ownership. It may be noted that the system of mining here described of the Innai mine represents one of the mines of most common type, though there were, of course, exceptions.