<論説>紀州における藩政の村の集落構成と内わけ村 : 主として日高川流域について

Abstract

本稿は紀州藩の村についてその集落構成を主として日高川流域を例にとり考察したものである。一村が一集落から成る場合は別として、幾つかの集落から構成せられている場合に、その構成集落を小名と呼んだ。その場合に近接する小名の集合村と遠く離れて散在する小名の連合村との二種が挙げられる。前者の小名は同格であるが、後者の小名は一つを本村小名と呼び、他はそれに従属する関係にあつた。以上のような村を講成する小名の外に、村の外の集落と看做されながら、行政的には一村の中に含まれて取扱われる小名があつた。かかる小名は従属する村を本村と呼んだ。従属小名が年貢納入上単位集落をなせばこれを枝郷 (しごう) と呼んだ。枝郷には小名絡のものと村絡のものとがあつた。本村と村格枝郷の関係を内わけ村と呼んだ。

This essay treats the community construction of villages in the Kishû (紀州) clan mainly on the basin of the River Hidaka (日高).In case of a village which consisted of some communities, except one community, its constituents were called Kona (小名), of which there were two kinds--one was the combination of the crowded Kona and the other of the scattered Kona. The former Kona (小名) are on an equality with each other, and the latter had one Motomura-kona (本村小名) to which the rest belonged. Besides, there were treated administratively as those within one village although they were regarded as the communities without the village : the village to which such Kona belonged was called Moto-mura (本村) and also the subjected Kona, consisted of the unit community in payment of the land-tax, was called Shigô (枝郷); which consisted of the Kona rank and the village rank. The relation of Shigô (枝郷) in the village rank with Moto-mura (本村) was called Uchiwake-mura (内わけ村).