<論説>ダルマ王の在位年次について

Abstract

チベットのダルマ王の存在はチペット仏教史上重要な位置を占めているが、その在位年次は従来諸説紛々として帰するところがなかった。その原因は中国、チペット両国の文献のこれに関する記載が不一致なところから来ている。しかし中国文献を仔細に検討すると、実は補国史の誤つた記述が新唐書、資治通鑑に採用され、それがチベット側文献にそのまま導入されたために混乱が起ったのである。ダルマ王の在位年次は八四一―八四六年とするのが正しく、有名な彼の廃仏は八四三年と見なすべきである。又ダルマが本質的に暴君であるとする従来の説も甚だ疑わしいことを注意しておきたい。

There have been many opinions about the reigning period of king Dar-ma, such as Petech, Tucci, Aoki, Nakane, Richardson, and so on; each of which is wrong or unsatisfactory, because of many kinds of description in the Chinese and Tibetan literatures which were used for its researching. The essential reason, as the writer thinks, is as follows; the mistaken description in the Pu-kuo-shih 補国史 was adopted in the Hsin-t'ang-shu 新唐書 and Tzu-ch'ih-t'ung-chien 資治通鑑 and introduced into the Tibetan resource as it was. It is right to consider that the reigning period of king Dar-ma should be 841-846, and the time of that famous abolition of Buddhism should be in 843. Though the king was said to be a tyrant, as his intellect was low, he might be made use of by the anti-Buddhism faction, drawn into the struggle for power between anti-and pro-Buddhism in the court.