<研究創案ノート>MIUMIと反リベラリズム --民主主義定着期のインドネシアにおけるイスラーム主義の軌跡--

Abstract

This paper highlights the development of an Islamist organization known as the Majelis Intelektual & Ulama Muda Indonesia (MIUMI), which translates to the Council of Young Intellectual & Ulama in Indonesia. MIUMI and its members played a significant behind-thescenes role during several past Islamist political mobilizations, culminating in the 2016–17 mass protest known as Aksi Bela Islam or 212 Movement. However, the organization has rarely been analyzed by observers, as it has been overshadowed by other Islamist organizations such as the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) and Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). The genealogy of MIUMI shows that the organization has capitalized on strong anti-liberal sentiments systematically propagated by groups such as the Institute for the Study of Islamic Thought and Civilizations (INSISTS). Since the mid-2000s, anti-liberal sentiments have been a key aspect of what Martin van Bruinessen called a "conservative turn" of Islam in Indonesia. Through the issuance of 2005 Fatwa by the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) and an intellectual assault against Islam Liberal Network (JIL), anti-liberal sentiments have effectively built a foundation for the consolidation of Islamism in the past decade. By rallying against liberalism, ulama of MIUMI and intellectuals of INSISTS have managed to provide organizational, logistical, and intellectual means to unify Islamic organizations of various backgrounds. The effect has been witnessed on several occasions, including the 2012 #IndonesiaTanpaJIL rally, Parade Tauhid rallies since 2015, 2015 National Congress of MUI, and eventually the 212 Movement.