鶴見俊輔は、どうして自分の解釈理論を実践できなかったか --学びほどき、多元的自己、個人史的読解、エピソードという方法

Abstract

The Japanese pragmatist Shunsuke Tsurumi thought more highly of "writing" than "reading". While his view of writing is rather classical, his theory of interpretation is not. He insists that teachers should not teach how to read: people should find their own radical "interests" or "conatus, " and cause resonances of conatus in the action of reading. Conatus is an idea borrowed from William James's reading of Spinoza. James insists interpretations should be based on one's own conatus. If the interpretations are irrelevant to their interests, they will be forceless and non-functional. And Tsurumi agree with his argument. For Tsurumi, reading is an action of matching two sides, a writer and a reader. Here, the reader should find in the text something connected with their own conatus. Tsurumi calls it "unlearning" or gainen kudaki. If the self is not something stable and fixed (self-pluralism), radical interests are plural too. Thus, one's reading should enable various interpretations in the same text. But the actual interpretations proposed by Tsurumi himself is different and this is because of his focus on personal history and his episodic method. Tsurumi repeatedly mentioned people's personal history including his, and hastily used their episodes to understand others. This paper is intended to reconstruct his theory of interpretation and to understand how and why he could not put his own theory into practice.