唐後半期における賜姓ソグド人 --涼州武威安氏と賜姓--

Abstract

Sogdianʼs surnames such as An 安, Kang 康, and Mi 米 are telling clues in identifying Sogdians in historical sources. In the latter half of the Tang dynasty, however, we find Sogdians with the conferred imperial surname Li 李 instead of a Sogdian surname. The loss of Sogdianʼs surnames can be seen as an essential turning point in the history of the Sogdians who later intermingled with other Eurasian tribes and were subsumed into them. Thus, in this paper, I focus on Sogdians with the conferred imperial surname and consider the trends concerning these names. First, in order to understand the conferred imperial surname in general during the Tang dynasty, I exhaustively tracked cases in historical sources and analyzed their patterns and meanings. In historical writings and stone inscriptions, I found the following five names : Li Baoyu 李抱玉, Li Guochen 李國臣, Li Guozhen 李國珍, Li Yuanzhong 李元忠 and Li Yuanliang 李元諒. Furthermore, among these Sogdians, I focus especially on Li Baoyu and Li Baozhen 李抱眞, who was a paternal younger cousin and the successor of the former. This concentration is based on the fact that Li Baoyu and Li Baozhen belonged to the An clan who controlled and managed the Sogdian colony in Liangzhou Wuwei 涼州武威for generations, and would be representative of the Sogdian merchants who emigrated to China. It is also the result of the fact that Li Baozhen is the rare case of a Sogdian whose name can be found in three kinds of historical sources, that is, monuments, epitaphs, and biographies in official histories, and it is thus possible to compare the accounts in these historical materials. As a result of these considerations, although the conferred imperial surname of the clan, the transfer of their legal domicile, and the failure of succession to Jiedushi 節度使 were all events that symbolized the end of the trade activity concentrated in the colony of Sogdians who had emigrated to China, the conventional custom and activity as the Sogdian did not completely die out.