マルチハザード社会の安全・安心を守るためのGISの活用方策-Enterprise GISを基盤としたCombat GIS-

Abstract

本研究は，いかなる危機的状況においても，自治体が，効果的な危機管理対応を図るためのGIS を基盤とした危機管理システム構築を目指したものである．危機的状況が発生した場所でGIS を基盤とし様々な危機対応を支援することをCombat GIS と位置づけ， GIS を活用できる情報基盤をEnterprise GIS とした．本研究は，米国の先駆的な事例を調査し，日本の自治体におけるGIS の活用状況も把握し，日本社会に適した実践的なGIS の活用方策を提示したものである．

We are exposed to various kinds of Multi-hazards due to natural disasters, terrorist attacks and epidemic’s outbreak. In any of these crises, national and local governments have to implement emergency response and management effectively. Since Hanshin Awaji Greate Earthquake, GIS was recognized as powerful tool for disaster reduction and many GIS systems have been introduced by local governments for disaster management bureau. These systems are tools for estimating damage, and GIS is not still used well post-event consequence for management considered on disaster management cycle. In this paper, we introduced as a Combat GIS comprehensive emergency management system based on GIS. In other words, Combat GIS is a system that aims at utilizing GIS in the area affected emergency for local governments, and helping emergency response and management even if anywhere, anytime, any kinds of crisis occurs. CombatGIS makes use of integrated Enterprise GIS as information infrastructure for local government and compose of hardware, software, database, geospatial data, organization and people. In Japan, most local governments introduce GIS system as stand alone for routine work and GIS is not utilized common tool. In this paper, I show a strategy to construct Enterprise GIS and implement to utilize GIS for emergency response and management at some events at city of Uji, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.