千石コレクション漢六朝靑銅器の化學分析

Abstract

The Sengoku Collection of the Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Archaeology, which was assembled by Tadashi Sengoku, the president of Sengoku works. Ltd. consists of ancient Chinese bronze artifacts. This paper reports six kinds of bronzes from the Han to the Six Dynasties period along with the analysis of lead isotope ratio and metallic constituent in collaboration with Nippon Steel Technology Co., Ltd. The inscription of TLV mirrors ① “The imperial mirror of the Imperial Manufactory (shangfang)” (尙方御竟) and ② “made by Mr. Wang” (王氏作) revealed that were ordered by Wang Mang 王莽, when he usurped the throne and founded the Xin dynasty. Both mirrors contain 69.34〜69.91% Cu, 22.36〜22.71% Sn, 5.70〜5.79% Pb(Tables 4-6), the basic alloy compositions are very close, and the lead isotope ratios are also in close proximity to “Region a”(a small part of “Region A”) of Fig. 5 which was initially defined as a region of Japanese Doutaku (ceremonial bronze bells) of Kinki and San'en style in the late Yayoi period. Bronze bowl was first produced in India, and then was introduced to China accompanied by Buddhist culture. A major feature of ③ bowl is the chisel carving of the Sogdian figures and the beasts. It consists of lead-free alloys, namely 77.64% Cu, 20.98% Sn, 0.01% Pb, and the lead isotope ratio fall in “Region B” which was initially defined as a region occupied by the Eastern to post-Han mirrors. According to the similar bowl carving Sogdian figure excavated in the “Pei Jing 裴經” tomb in Houma, Shanxi Province, it is probable that this ③ bowl was made in the Southern Dynasties in the early 6th century. ④ Spittoon and ⑤ incense burner with lid were parts of the miniature set as grave goods, which were probably made in the Northern Dynasties in the middle of the 6th century. Both consists of leaded high-tin alloys, namely 75.02-75.86% Cu, 15.09-15.37% Sn, 7.82-8.46% Pb, and the lead isotope ratios fall in “Region A” which was initially defined as a region of the Western Han mirrors. Bronze water bottle was also introduced from India to China accompanied by Buddhist culture. ⑥ bottle also consists of leaded high-tin alloys, namely 71.19% Cu, 12.31% Sn, 14.68% Pb, and the lead isotope ratio is on Line D, which was initially defined as a line drawn by bronze objects made in Korean peninsula in time parallel to the Yayoi period. Initially, we guessed this was made in China. However, a bottle of the same type was passed down in the treasures dedicated by Hōryūji temple, thus it is reasonable to think that it was manufactured in Silla in the 8th century.