辨證法の論理的構造

Abstract

The writer intends this essay to express his doubt towards Prof. Takechi's papers and to expound his own point of view on the problem. As is well-known, since early in the modern Age, positivism gave birth to modern science, and, as the science has developed, positivism which is the matrix of science has increased its positivity. Modern thoughts, every one of them, has this positivity as its undercurrent. But dialectic materialism, at least as philosophy, has been regarded to have nothing to do with positivism. In my opinion, the development of dialectics, beginning with Hegel, K. Marx, F. Engels, through N. Lenin, J. Stalin on to Mao Tsê-tung, may be regarded as the growth of positivism as a form of dialectics. From this viewpoint, the philosophical ground of the above-mentioned thinkers can be made clear. As the reasons why dialectic materialism came to be compatible with positivism may be pointed out as follows : 1. Dialectic materialism, unlike Hegel, who keeps self-sufficient God as "Anfang", has as "Anfang" self-moving matter. Various forms in which "Anfang" takes requires no contradiction in the strict sense of the word. The logic that contains no contradiction can be regarded as obeying the rationality of science. 2. At the present time when, unlike in the days of Marx, the socialistic society exists as reality, the principles of Marxism have become the objects of positive science, not a mere postulate of philosophy. Accordingly, dialectics has been obliged to give up its old form and to take scientific method as it is now doing.