京都大水害後の鴨川改良計画における中流断面及び東岸遊歩道路の風致設計

Abstract

本研究では, 1935（昭和10）年の京都大水害後の鴨川改修における, 風致に配慮した水辺空間の設計の検討過程とその協議の実態を明らかにした. 研究の成果を以下に示す. 京都では風致をめぐる府市間の施策方針の相違を背景に, 京都大水害以前に風致地区の指定や風致委員会の設置がなされ, 風致上の重要案件を個別に検討する体制が整えられた. 京都大水害後, 京都府主体の改修計画が立てられ, 府市の連携体制において, 橋梁や都市計画を含めた河川一体の総合的な景観形成が図られた. 京都府は, 改修工事の統括機関として鴨川改良計画委員会を設置し, 内務省や京都市, 風致委員会との連携体制を構築した. この体制に基づいて, 近代治水と風致を両立した中流断面の設計や, 沿岸地区の意見を踏まえた水辺空間の設計が行われた.

This study aims to clarify the design process and mechanism of creating the riverside space in the Kamo River Improvement Project after the 1935 flood in Kyoto--the results are shown below. Against the background of differences in policy between the prefectural and the municipal governments regarding the interpretation of scenic beauty, the Kyoto Prefecture designated scenic districts and established a Landscape Committee to discuss important matters individually. After the Great Kyoto Flood of 1935, the Kyoto Prefecture took the lead in planning the river improvement, and the prefectural and municipal governments worked together to create a comprehensive landscape around the river, including bridges and urban planning. The Kyoto Prefecture formed the Kamo River Improvement Planning Committee to oversee the renovation work, and established a system of cooperation with the Ministry of Home Affairs, Kyoto City, and the Landscape Committee. Based on this system, the prefectural government designed a midstream cross-section to control flood and preserve historical landscape, and designed a waterside space, taking into consideration the opinions of the people in the coastal districts.