Widefield Choroidal Thickness of Eyes with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Examined by Swept-Source OCT

Abstract

PURPOSE: To examine widefield (WF) changes in the choroidal thickness of eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). DESIGN: An observational study. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-two patients with treatment naïve unilateral CSC (20 men and two women) and 28 normal eyes of 28 age-matched healthy participants (21 men and seven women). METHODS: We performed enhanced depth imaging (EDI) of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) with a viewing angle of vertical 20 mm × horizontal 23 mm. Moreover, we developed a grid consisting of nine subfields, with diameters of 3 mm, 9 mm, and 18 mm; inner and outer rings enclosed by circles with diameters of 3 mm and 9 mm and 9 mm and 18 mm, respectively, which were divided into four superotemporal, inferotemporal, superonasal, and inferonasal subfields. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: WF changes in choroidal thickness. RESULTS: The mean duration from the presumed onset of CSC was 6.8 ± 3.1 months during the examination. Compared with normal eyes, the choroidal thickness of patients with CSC was significantly greater in all subfields (P<0.020 for fellow eyes; P<0.001 for eyes with CSC). Compared with fellow eyes, the choroidal thicknesses of eyes with CSC were significantly greater, except for the outer superotemporal and inferonasal subfields (P<0.001 for all inner subfields; and P<0.001 for outer superonasal and inferotemporal subfields). In areas with dilated vortex veins, choroidal thickening was observed from the vicinity of the vortex vein ampulla to the macula along the courses of the veins. Choroidal thickenings on the dominant side were significantly greater than those on the non-dominant side (P=0.015 for the nasal subfield of the inner ring; P=0.003 and <0.001 for temporal subfields of the inner and outer rings, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: EDI of SS-OCT imaging facilitated the analysis of WF changes in choroidal thickness not only in both controls and patients with CSC. Local factors of the affected vortex vein and systemic risk factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of CSC.