<論文>非西洋社会における近代社会思想受容の知識構造 --東アジア社会科学でのウェーバー理解を例に--

Abstract

The modern social sciences in East-Asian societies were initially founded largely through the importation of social thinking that has its origin in the West. In this study, I focused on the structure of perception during the reception of western social thought among non-Western intellectuals, so as to establish an analytical typology of the theoretical approaches in the East-Asian social sciences. The different readings of Max Weber's theory in the Japanese and Chinese social sciences are taken as examples of the applicability of this analytical framework. During the introduction of modern social thought, two factors have had a major influence on the perception of non-Western scholars. One is ‘the duality within modernity’. This refers to how the modernization of a society can be perceived both as a process of ‘subjectification’, in which an individual achieves liberation and independence, and as a process of ‘objectification’, characterized by increasing subordination and a growing sense of alienation. The development of this dual aspect of modern society is a theme throughout the genealogy of social thought that has continued since the advent of the modern era. However, intellectuals in Asia also face another factor, which in this study is referred to as ‘the duality of non-Western’. It originates from the divergence between the hegemonic but alien western-originated knowledge system, and the local but unvalued knowledge tradition. When trying to form an understanding of modern society, nonwestern intellectuals are forced to face these two essentially heterogeneous value standards which are difficult to reconcile. By considering the common awareness found in the works of W. E. B. DuBois, F. Fanon and Y. Takeuchi, I discuss the appearance of the duality of non-Western in different specific scenarios.