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dc.contributor.author | Aoki, Sinya | en |
dc.contributor.author | Onogi, Tetsuya | en |
dc.contributor.alternative | 青木, 愼也 | ja |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-10-06T07:47:38Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2023-10-06T07:47:38Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2022-08-10 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2433/285353 | - |
dc.description.abstract | In this paper, we make a close comparison of a covariant definition of an energy/ entropy in general relativity, recently proposed by a collaboration including the present authors, with existing definitions of energies such as the one from the pseudo-tensor and the quasi-local energy. We show that existing definitions of energies in general relativity are conserved charges from Noether’s second theorem for the general coordinate transformation, whose conservations are merely identities implied by the local symmetry and always hold without using equations of motion. Thus, none of the existing definitions in general relativity reflects the dynamical properties of the system, and the need for a physical definition of an energy. In contrast, our new definition of the energy/ entropy in general relativity is generically a conserved non-Noether charge and gives physically sensible results for various cases such as the black hole mass, the gravitational collapse and the expanding universe, while existing definitions sometimes lead to unphysical ones including zero and infinity. We conclude that our proposal is more physical than existing definitions of energies. Our proposal makes it possible to define almost uniquely the covariant and conserved energy/ entropy in general relativity, which brings some implications to future investigations. | en |
dc.language.iso | eng | - |
dc.publisher | World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd | en |
dc.rights | © The Author(s) | en |
dc.rights | This is an Open Access article published by World Scientific Publishing Company. It is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) License which permits use, distribution and reproduction, provided that the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. | en |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | - |
dc.subject | Conserved charge | en |
dc.subject | general relativity | en |
dc.subject | Noether’s second theorem | en |
dc.subject | energy and entropy | en |
dc.subject | black hole | en |
dc.subject | gravitational collapse | en |
dc.subject | expanding Universe | en |
dc.title | Conserved non-Noether charge in general relativity: Physical definition versus Noether’s second theorem | en |
dc.type | journal article | - |
dc.type.niitype | Journal Article | - |
dc.identifier.jtitle | International Journal of Modern Physics A | en |
dc.identifier.volume | 37 | - |
dc.identifier.issue | 22 | - |
dc.relation.doi | 10.1142/s0217751x22501299 | - |
dc.textversion | publisher | - |
dc.identifier.artnum | 2250129 | - |
dcterms.accessRights | open access | - |
datacite.awardNumber | 16H03978 | - |
datacite.awardNumber | 18K03620 | - |
datacite.awardNumber | 18H05236 | - |
datacite.awardNumber.uri | https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16H03978/ | - |
datacite.awardNumber.uri | https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18K03620/ | - |
datacite.awardNumber.uri | https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18H05236/ | - |
dc.identifier.pissn | 0217-751X | - |
dc.identifier.eissn | 1793-656X | - |
jpcoar.funderName | 日本学術振興会 | ja |
jpcoar.funderName | 日本学術振興会 | ja |
jpcoar.funderName | 日本学術振興会 | ja |
jpcoar.awardTitle | 格子QCDによるハドロン間ポテンシャルの研究の発展 | ja |
jpcoar.awardTitle | グラディエント・フローを用いた場の理論からの高次元時空の構築 | ja |
jpcoar.awardTitle | クォークから中性子星へ:QCDの挑戦 | ja |
出現コレクション: | 学術雑誌掲載論文等 |
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