<論考>イスラームにおける「明文(Naṣṣ)」の意味の多層性と解釈方法の多様性 --ハナフィー学派における意味の四層論とスーフィーによるクルアーン解釈法・イシャーラ(ishāra)の位置づけ--

Abstract

This monograph examines the concept of ishāra (allusion) which is a common interpretation methodology in Islamic Jurisprudence and Sufi Qur'anic exegesis, focusing on its academic positioning through a review of existing research. The paper concludes that ishāra has existed since early Islamic scholarship both as a term denoting specific meanings derived from Qur'anic and Ḥadīth texts and as an interpretive method. Contrary to previous criticisms of the ishāra of Sufis, this study argues that Sufi interpreters connect the external meaning of words with their experiential intuition through ishāra, rather than imposing meanings outside the semantic structure of the text. Furthermore, the study reveals that the ishāra of Sufis is often used to solve social issues, as exemplified in Ibn Arabi's interpretations. This suggests that Sufis, by exegesis produced through ishāra not only provide mystical insights but also respond to the social and political challenges of their times. Finally, this paper proposes that future research should adopt a multifaceted approach, considering the Sufi interpreter's theoretical framework alongside the social, political, religious, and intellectual context of their era.