看護の知

Abstract

Medical science has developed with the advance of modern science, which posits methodologies to elicit quantitative data from observable phenomena and reveal causal relationships. But many human problems remain unsolved. According to Y. Nakamura, contradictions between the development of science and human life cannot be solved by today's science. We should develop another sort of science, i.e. a human science, defined as an action of pathos, that is, the relationship of interactive subjectivity not activity. In this paper, we suggest that human science is essential to nursing. Obviously, the nurse-patient relationship at the bedside is interactive. Patients are not mechanistic objects, but subjects calling for help and communication with the nurse. Patient and nurse should be on an equal level, that is an important factor in "caring". In nursing science, "human-environment simultaneity paradigm" focuses on the healing process and a meaning beyond the momentary relation. It is an alternative to "traditional totality paradigm", which focuses on the natural science as the total sum of parts. (R. Parse. 1981) We now need a new paradigm of nursing. Nursing should be scientific, yet it is more than that. It can be characterized as a knowing of nursing.