McMaster 大学におけるProblem Based Learning (PBL) と日本の看護教育への適用について

Abstract

I had the opportunity to participate in a 3-week program called the "Problem Based Program for Nurse Educators" of McMaster University in August, 1997. Problem-based learning (PBL) is "problem-based, small-group, self-directed learning" based on the concept of adult educational learning (andragogy) proposed by M. Knowles. PBL is an educational methodology in which the learner is presented with a clinical situation. A presented case occurs in a potentially real setting. Through case scenarios, the students discover their problems present in the situation, and these by deepen think learning. The students gain problem solving skills, and the ability to think critically by learning through PBL. In subject-based learning, the teacher present learning objectives based on educational goals. On the other hand, in PBL, the students find learning objectives from individual cases. To introduce PBL to our education, I believe the following should be considered: 1. A main point is sufficiently explained and PBL introduced when the student becomes involved. 2. We suggest that the student individually form a "learning plan" to direct his/her learning. 3. The student gains skill in group discussions, and realizes the significance of such discussions.