<論文>天然ファイバーの引張強度と寸法との関係

Abstract

画像解析システム(IBAS)を用いて,竹,ジュート,針葉樹,広葉樹,綿などの天然系ファイバー(繊維束)および比較の意味でガラス,ポリエステルファイバーなど無機および合成繊維の寸法を測定し,それぞれのファイバーの長径比(length to diameler ratio)を算出した。一方,これらのファイバーの平衡含水率と引張強度を測定した。これらの結果から,各種ファイバーの力学的性質と形状を比較・検討し,考察した。ファイバーの寸法と力学的性質の関係を検討した結果,天然ファイバーでは長さの増加に伴ってその引張強度が徐々に低下すること,また,直径の増加に伴って,引張強度および引張ヤング率が顕著に低下することが認められた。

An image analysis system was used to measure the sizes and shapes of natural fiber bundles such as jute, hardwood, softwood, bamboo and lint, and other fibers such as polyester and glass fibers for the comparison. Fibers were magnified through the microscope and the picture of the fibers was input into the image analyze system to measure the length and diameter of the fiber. The ratio of fiber length to diameter was then calculated. The moisture content of each kind of fiber was determined. The tensile strength of the fibers were then measured. Based on the experimental results, the mechanical properties and the configuration of the fibers were compared with each other, and the characteristics were discussed. Experimental results revealed that in natural fibers the tensile strength decreases gradually with increasing fiber length, but the tensile strength and the Young's modulus in tension decrease remarkably with increasing natural fiber diameter.