<原著>交叉循環の研究

Abstract

Crosscirculation studies between 50 pairs of rabbits showed the following direct and indirect effects. (1) For practical purposes the best results in rabbits were obtained when crosscirculation was controlled by a roller-pump for about two hours with a volume of about 2ml per minute. (2) With this method the blood of a pair of rabbits can be mixed evenly without having any ill effects on their circulation. (3) After crosscirculation the pairs were separated and observed for up to one year. Wasting syndrome appeared in only one of the pair. (4) This wasting syndrome caused by crosscirculation is named "crosscirculation disease". (5) The incidence of this disease is highest two to three weeks after crosscirculation, and then decreases gradually, but is still about 40% after six months. (6) In the early stage of this disease swelling of the spleen and lymph nodes and proliferation of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood are observed, and in the late stage atrophy of the spleen and proliferation of neutrophiles in the peripheral blood are observed. These findings are substantiated pathohistologically, and it seems that this disease resembles parabiosis intoxication. (7) The views, therefore, of certain European and American scholars who advocate the application of crosscirculation in the treatment of acute icterus and uremia cannot be approved of from the immunological viewpoint. (8) On the other hand, in several cases both of the pair were in good condition for a long time following crosscirculation. Mutual skin transplantations were performed in such pairs to see if immunological paralysis or tolerance had been induced. It was found that the survival of the graft was prolonged in most cases, which may show that immunological paralysis or tolerance had been induced to some extent by crosscirculation. (9) There were differences, however, in the length of time grafts survived depending on the lapse of time between crosscirculation and grafting. When skin transplantation was performed immediately or over five weeks after crosscirculation, it survived for a long time, but when it was performed after two or three weeks, it did not survive so long. (10) This phenomenon is considered by us to represent "enhancement". (11) As we have shown, crosscirculation gives rise to various immunological reactions which are of interest, and may be of value in the study of transplantation immunology.