The Development of the Expression of Will and Self-control in a Mentally Retarded Child with Autistic Inclination : A Case Study

Abstract

This case study investigates the developmental process of the expression of will and the self-control of feeling in a mentally retarded child with an autistic inclination, from the age of 6 to 9 years old. The materials are based on the records of daily activities in the educational treatment. The process of development was divided into the following five stages : [1] The expression of displeasure, although not directed towards others. The cause is difficult to determine. Self-circular behavior is seen when the child is troubled. [2] The beginning of the expression of refusal, though it is weak yet. The causes of anger and irritation become easier to understand. Comfort from a particular person (his mother or teacher) pacifies him. [3] The strong expression of refusal, "Iya (No)", accompanied by a specific feeling and clearly directed toward a particular person. [4] The clearer and stronger expression of feeling together with that of refusal. Tenacity of will is seen. There appears an obvious conflict in his behavior. [5] The manifestation of autonomous self-control of feeling and expression of will. These changes are discussed from the viewpoint of developmental psychology, focusing on the changes in the child's ego development and his mother's attitude, and also on the problems related to the use of symptomatic therapies in treating autistic children.