環境ガバナンスとリスク分析

Abstract

Environmental governance is to build institutions or socioeconomic systems to attain a sustainable society. There are various methods to investigate environmental governance. For example, methods of investigation from the viewpoint of (I) environmental efficiency, (2) contract theory, (3) social capital, (4lrisk analysis and so forth. In this paper we research from the viewpoint of risk analysis which is composed of risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. Risk consists of three factors, what kinds of bad/good phenomena occur, what are the probabilities of each phenomenon, and what are the results of each phenomenon. We create four quadrants for these risk investigation, by taking knowledge of risk as the horizontal axis, and acceptability concerning risk as the vertical axis. In this way all environmental problems are arranged into four quadrants. The first quadrant is an area being of reliable knowledge of risk and agreed acceptability concerning risk. The second quadrant is an area being of unreliable knowledge of risk and agreed acceptability concerning risk. The third quadrant is an area being of unreliable knowledge of risk and disagreed acceptability concerning risk. And the fourth quadrant is an area being of reliable knowledge of risk and disagreed acceptability concerning risk. When we discuss the environmental governance from the viewpoint of risk analysis, we must not lose these points of view to approach the essence in question.