南スラウェシの人口移動と性比の変動に関するノート(<特集>南スラウェシの村落と農業景観)

Abstract

This short note deals with some recent features of the migration of South Sulawesi people, including the Buginese, who are well known for their seafaring throughout Southeast Asian history. The major topics covered are as follows. (1) Indonesia has high percentages of out-migrants from South Sulawesi, West Sumatra, and Central Jawa. Among others, the migrants from South Sulawesi show a remarkably high sex-ratio. (2) The sex-ratio of the population of South Sulawesi is examined by kecamatan. A decreasing sex-ratio is observed in the heart of Buginese region, while in Toraja land, the sex-ratio is little affected by out-migration. (3) The aspects of population growth in Kecamatan Bua Ponrang, a frontier area of Kabupaten Luwu, are described for each desa or village. The major items covered are : the starting period of development, changing food patterns from sago to rice, and details of population increase and in-migration. (4) The features of Buginese migration since 1964 to downstream areas of the Musi River in South Sumatra are shown. The married men, some of their wives, and unmarried men formed the early-stage population. They were later joined by their dependents. (5) Finally, some topics not covered by the present study are pointed out for future research. These include assessment of the social and economic changes caused by the decreasing proportion of males in Buginese villages, and the study of Buginese migrants in urban environments.