建築と空間象徴(<特集>東南アジアの世界像)

Abstract

Hindu architecture, in addition to its functional aspects, is an expression of Hindu cosmology. Manasara Vastusastra, an ancient treatise on Hindu architecture, expounds four norms through which this cosmology is expressed : (1) a system of measurement, (2) a series of graphic patterns, (3) a range of component types of architecture, and (4) the specification of construction materials. Each of these is understood to represent a certain phase of the cosmos. In Southeast Asia, as in India, these norms historically were applied to architecture, as well as to literature. Closer examination of sclected historic monuments in Southeast Asia reveals, however, a wider variety of architectural plans, probably due to the influence of the more flexible indigenous concept of space. These historic monuments of the Region are regarded as important cultural heritages and are being restored in the overall framework of the development plans of the area.