東南アジア海域世界と農業フロンティアの拡大 : インドネシア南スラウェシ州の事例から(<特集>東南アジア海域世界の森と海)

Abstract

The term "maritime world, " which is specifically used in the field of history, may appear to have little connection with such subjects as "agriculture" and "peasant." However, when we focus on the characteristics of lifestyles in the Southeast Asian maritime world and reconsider the characteristics of peasants in the region in this light, we arrive at a different view from the conventional concepts of agriculture and peasants in the Southeast Asian archipelago. Based on research findings on the activities of spontaneous migrants settled in frontier areas in Kabupaten Luwu in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, this article discusses peasants and agriculture in the light of such characteristics as "mobility, " "commercial orientation, " and "good networking" which are common to people living in the Southeast Asian maritime world. The finding that not only Bugis migrants, who are famous for their sea-faring and mobility, but also Javanese peasants migrating to frontier regions from the "agricultural-based" world showed similar "maritime" characteristics suggests that such characteristics provide a useful tool to reconsider the concept of agriculture and peasants in the Southeast Asian archipelago. It is also suggested that such reconsideration may be beneficial in approaching and solving the problems pertaining to the relationship between people and resources in the archipelago.