雨水流出の実験的研究

Abstract

It is very important to disclose the rainfall runoff process in head water areaconcerned mainly with the flood protection project. However, for the complexity ofthat phenomena, the runoff process has not been recognized so clearly though manyvarious methods of runoff analysis have been presented.We efforted to establish the clear formulation of the rainfall runoff process, espec-ially of the process by heavy rainfall, in the light of hydraulics. As a result of suchan approach, it was made clear that the existence of high porous layer (surface layer)covering basin surface is the most reason of the occurrence of subsurface flow. More-over, we pointed out that the significance of the hydraulic mechanism of the waterflow near the surface layer should be considered since the occurrence area of surfaceflow changes due to subsurface flow phenomena.Under these considerations, in this paper, the mechanism of water flow near thesurface layer is disclosed experimentally using the apparatus with the artificial rainfallequipment.